Sentencing varies depending on a variety of factors and circumstances. Reading about certain fundamental principles will help you begin to understand how courts determine punishment.
Felonies, Misdemeanors, and Infractions: Classifying Crimes
In every state, crimes are put into distinct categories. The categories are usually "felony," "misdemeanor," and "infraction."
Differences Between a Civil Judgment and a Criminal Conviction
A civil case and a criminal case can be based on the same facts but have different outcomes. The famous O.J. Simpson case helps explain why.
A “wobbler” isn’t a misdemeanor, nor is it a felony. It’s both. It’s a crime that prosecutors can charge as and judges can sentence as either a misdemeanor or felony.