Death With Dignity in Minnesota

In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of states considering medical aid in dying laws. Sometimes called "assisted suicide," "right to die," or "death with dignity" initiatives, these laws make it possible for terminally ill patients to use prescribed medication to end their lives peacefully rather than suffering a painful and protracted death.

The catalyst for greater national attention to this issue was 29-year-old Brittany Maynard, a woman diagnosed with terminal brain cancer who moved from California to Oregon to end her life in 2014. Maynard chose Oregon because California had not yet passed its aid-in-dying law, and Oregon is one of just a few other states that allow terminally ill patients to receive aid in dying.

Minnesota's 2025-2026 End-of-Life Option Act

Spurred by Maynard's decision and the resulting publicity, Minnesota lawmakers first introduced a medical aid-in-dying bill in 2015. Most recently, in the 2025-2026 legislative session, the Minnesota legislature considered another death with dignity bill called the Minnesota End-of-Life Option Act (numbered SF 3215 in the state senate and HF 2998 in the house of representatives). However, the bills failed to advance out of committee before the deadline. If it had passed, the law would have functioned much like Oregon's Death With Dignity Act, allowing terminally ill patients who met certain requirements to request and use life-ending medication.

This article first clarifies some confusing language related to death with dignity laws and then sets out some steps Minnesotans can take to bring a medical aid in dying law to their state.

Death With Dignity, Medical Aid in Dying, Assisted Suicide, Right to Die: What's the Difference?

"Death with dignity" and "medical aid in dying" are two of the most commonly accepted phrases describing the process by which a terminally ill person ingests prescribed medication to hasten death. Many people still think of this process as "assisted suicide" or "physician assisted suicide." However, proponents of death with dignity argue that the term "suicide" doesn't apply to terminally ill people who would prefer to live but, facing certain death within months, choose a more gentle way of dying. In fact, Minnesota's latest bill states that terminating one's life under the law is not suicide. (See SF 3215, Section 12 and HF 2998, Section 12.)

Increasingly, health organizations are turning away from the term "suicide" to describe a terminally ill patient's choice to reduce the suffering of an inevitable death. The phrase "aid in dying" has become a more accepted way to refer to this process.

You might also see the phrase "right to die" used in place of "medical aid in dying" or "death with dignity." However, "right to die" is more accurately used in the context of directing one's own medical care—that is, refusing life-sustaining treatment such as a respirator or feeding tubes when permanently unconscious or close to death. You can provide your own health care directions by completing a Minnesota advance health care directive. For information about appointing a health care agent and making known your own wishes for medical care at the end of life, see the Living Wills & Medical Powers of Attorney section of Nolo.com.

Advocating for a Medical Aid in Dying Act in Minnesota

Citizen groups are continuing to work to legalize aid in dying in Minnesota. If choice at the end of life is important to you, here are some things you can do:

• Contact your representatives in the legislature and encourage them to support death with dignity in Minnesota.
• Write a letter to the editor of your local newspaper.
• Tell your family, friends, health care providers, and others why you believe terminally ill patients should be allowed to choose medical aid in dying.
• Search for—or start—a community advocacy group. The Compassion & Choices website can help you connect with others in your area.

Learn More

To find out more about the history and current status of medical aid in dying laws in the United States, visit the website of the Death With Dignity National Center.