There are two ways to get Social Security disability benefits for physical illnesses or injuries. For about 100 medical conditions, Social Security lists the exact requirements that the specific illness or injury must meet to qualify for benefits. For physical impairments that don't meet the requirements, Social Security will assess the applicant's medical condition and decide whether the applicant is capable of doing heavy, medium, light, or sedentary work. This assessment, as well as the applicant's age, job history, and education, will inform the agency's ultimate decision on whether the applicant is eligible for disability benefits.